''Papilio warscewiczii'' is a Neotropical

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

swallowtail butterfly Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includes the large ...

from the

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

Papilio ''Papilio'' is a genus in the swallowtail butterfly family, Papilionidae, as well as the only representative of the tribe Papilionini. The word ''papilio'' is Latin for butterfly. It includes the common yellow swallowtail (''Papilio machaon''), ...

'' that is found in

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

and

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...

Habitat

Montane forest in the Bolivian Yungas ecoregion. The larval food plant is not recorded .Robinson, G. S., P. R. Ackery, I. J. Kitching, G. W. Beccaloni & L. M. Hernández, 2010. HOSTS - A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London

(Accessed: 18 Aug.2010)

Subspecies

*''Papilio warscewiczii warscewiczii'' (south-eastern Peru, Bolivia) *''Papilio warscewiczii mercedes'' Rothschild & Jordan, 1906 (eastern Peru) *''Papilio warscewiczii jelskii'' Oberthür, 1881 (south-eastern Ecuador, north-western Peru)

Taxonomy

''Papilio warscewiczii'' is a member of the ''homerus'' species group. The members of this

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

are *''

Papilio cacicus ''Papilio cacicus'' is a Neotropical butterfly of the family Papilionidae first described by Hippolyte Lucas in 1852. It is found in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Peru. Habitat ''Papilio cacicus'' is an indicator species of primary mountain ...

'' Lucas, 1852 *''

Papilio euterpinus ''Papilio euterpinus'' is a species of Neotropical swallowtail butterfly from the genus ''Papilio'' that is found in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Taxonomy ''Papilio euterpinus'' is a member of the ''homerus'' species-group. The members of this ...

'' Salvin & Godman, 1868 *''

Papilio garamas ''Papilio garamas'', commonly known as the magnificent swallowtail, is a species of Neotropical swallowtail butterfly found in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama and Costa Rica. Description A large butterfly with a wingspan of 80 to 110 millime ...

'' (Geyer,

829 __NOTOC__ Year 829 ( DCCCXXIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * October 2 – Emperor Michael II dies after an 8-year reign in C ...

*''

Papilio homerus ''Papilio homerus'', commonly known as the Homerus swallowtail or Jamaican swallowtail, is the largest butterfly species in the Western Hemisphere. The species is endangered and faces a potentially bleak future. Only two small populations of the ...

'' Fabricius, 1793 *''

Papilio menatius ''Papilio menatius'' is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. Description ''Papilio menatius'' is a large butterfly with wingspan of about . Uppersides of the wings are black with yellowish bands and yellowish submarginal lines of spots. The ...

'' (Hübner,

819 __NOTOC__ Year 819 (Roman numerals, DCCCXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Spring – Emperor Louis the Pious, Louis I marries Judith ...

*''Papilio warscewiczii'' Hopffer, 1865 and the enigmatic ''

Papilio judicael ''Papilio'' is a genus in the swallowtail butterfly family, Papilionidae, as well as the only representative of the tribe Papilionini. The word ''papilio'' is Latin for butterfly. It includes the common yellow swallowtail (''Papilio machaon''), ...

'' known only from a handful of specimens and either a valid species from the Andean region, or a hybrid ''P. menatius'' × ''P. warscewiczii''. ''Papilio warscewiczii'' is in the subgenus ''Pterourus'' Scopoli, 1777 which also includes the species groups: ''troilus'' species group, ''glaucus'' species group, the ''zagreus'' species group and the ''scamander'' species group.

Etymology

Named for the collector

Józef Warszewicz Józef Warszewicz Ritter von Rawicz ( lt, 'Juozapas Varševičius') (8(?) September 1812, Vilnius – 29 December 1866, Cracow) was a Polish people, Polish botanist, plant and animal collector, and biologist. Life Born into an impoverished Poli ...

References

*Lewis, H. L., 1974 ''Butterflies of the World'' Page 25, figure 15 (underside).

External links

Butterflies of America images of typesGlobal Butterfly Information System
Images of syntype in Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. *
Butterflies and Moths of North America
warscewiczii Papilionidae of South America Fauna of the Andes Butterflies described in 1865 Taxa named by Carl Heinrich Hopffer {{Papilionidae-stub